讲座题目：Native and exotic Spartina alterniflora: Their role in maximizing empower in coastal ecosystems 主讲人：Dan Campbell 教授 主持人：李秀珍 教授 开始时间：2019-10-30 13:30:00 讲座地址：闵行校区河口海岸大楼B101报告厅 主办单位😮：河口海岸科学研究院
报告人简介： Prof. Dan Campbell ’s research interests are Energy Systems Theory, Environmental Accounting using Emergy, Emergy Evaluation, Ecological Modeling, Ecological-Economics, Sustainability, Marine Science (estuaries, salt marshes, and coral reefs), Environmental Risk Assessment, Human Health and the Environment, Ecosystem Health, Urban and Agricultural Systems. He serves as one of the Founders, trustee, and current treasurer of International Society for the Advancement of Emergy Research, ISAER. He is also member of American Association for the Advancement of Science, Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation, International Society for Ecological Modelling, Rhode Island Natural History Society. In past few years, he got several awards, such as USEPA Bronze Medal for Commendable Service, USEPA Special Accomplishment Recognition Award, USEPA Region 8 Science Award, Scientific and Te. 报告内容： During the 20th century, human beings became an important force organizing the surface of the Earth; in many cases becoming the dominant factor determining the energy, material and information flows of the Geobiosphere. One characteristic process of human dominance is the movement of species from one area of the Earth’s surface to another. This process has been governed, in part, by the tendency of human beings to “improve” their living environment, i. e., based on a real or perceived problem, our tendency, as human beings, is to try to solve it, e. g., by introducing a “missing” species to perform a needed function. Species are also moved from one place to another by chance, which has become increasingly likely as the intensity of trade and migration have increased. In this talk, the movement of the low marsh plant Spartina from stable prograding coastal areas of the world where it evolved to areas where it has been historically absent for the purpose of stabilizing coastlines and embankments and building land where human agency has generated excess sediment supply is examined. Change inevitably introduces controversy around the new conditions that it generates, such as those that accompany the introduction of an exotic species. Sufficient data is seldom available ahead of time to judge the effects of such changes, but once a species has been introduced the pros and cons of its presence can be evaluated. Emergy evaluation is a scientific method for quantifying the positive and negative effects of an introduced species in an objective manner, based on a normalization quantifying the past use of solar equivalent joules or emergy. This method uses indicators and indices that can quantify the properties of the coastal system before and after the introduction of a new species. Spartina alterniflora was introduced to the Jiangsu coast of China in 1979 and it has been studied extensively since that time and its expansion through the coastal areas of China documented. We examine the Environmental Loading Ratio as an example to show the relative utility of exotic Spartina vs. native marsh vegetation on the Jiangsu coast and the expected consequences of management strategies on the load on the environment and the ability of the salt marsh to process pollutants. The economic usefulness of vegetation is also an important aspect of establishing a viable coupling between ecosystems and human beings. Exotic Spartina’s high productivity is not only useful in stabilizing coastlines and processing pollutants, but also can be a source of economic wealth. Chinese scientists have recently developed an ecological engineering system to fully utilize the biomass produced by exotic Spartina alterniflora growing on the Chinese coast.The emergy indices derived from this system are considered and the entire analysis interpreted within the context of developing a new system seeking maximum empower for the prograding coastal areas of China. |
